MySQL笔记之运算符使用详解

Mysql可以通过运算符来对表中数据进行运算，比如通过出生日期求年龄等运算符包括四类，分别是：算数运算符、比较运算符、逻辑运算符和位运算符算数运算符加、减、乘运算复制代码 代码如下:mysql> select a,a+5,a*2 from t1;+------+------+------+| a | a+5 | a*2 |+------+------+------+| 24 | 29 | 48 |+------+------+------+row in set (0.00 sec)这里的原值为24,后面也可以使用混合运算，只需要注意优先级即可除法和取模运算复制代码 代码如下:mysql> select a,a/3,a div 3,a%5,mod(a,5) from t1;+------+--------+---------+------+----------+| a | a/3 | a div 3 | a%5 | mod(a,5) |+------+--------+---------+------+----------+| 24 | 8.0000 | 8 | 4 | 4 |+------+--------+---------+------+----------+row in set (0.00 sec)此处 / 和 div 代表整除，% 和 mod 代表取模要注意的是，如果被除数为0,那么计算结果是NULL比较运算符数值比较复制代码 代码如下:mysql> select a,a=24,a<12,a>40,a>=24,a<=24,a!=24,a<>24,a<=>24 from t1;+------+------+------+------+-------+-------+-------+-------+--------+| a | a=24 | a<12 | a>40 | a>=24 | a<=24 | a!=24 | a<>24 | a<=>24 |+------+------+------+------+-------+-------+-------+-------+--------+| 24 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |+------+------+------+------+-------+-------+-------+-------+--------+row in set (0.00 sec)这里的1代表真，0代表假，需要说明的是<>和<=><>代表不等于，等同于!=<=>代表等于，等同于=此外，等于和不等于不仅可以比较数值，还能比较字符串字符串比较复制代码 代码如下:mysql> select a,a='24','ha'<>'ha','xa'='xa','b'!='b' from t1;+------+--------+------------+-----------+----------+| a | a='24' | 'ha'<>'ha' | 'xa'='xa' | 'b'!='b' |+------+--------+------------+-----------+----------+| 24 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 |+------+--------+------------+-----------+----------+row in set (0.00 sec)is null 和is not null复制代码 代码如下:mysql> select a,a is null, a is not null from t1;+------+-----------+---------------+| a | a is null | a is not null |+------+-----------+---------------+| 24 | 0 | 1 |+------+-----------+---------------+row in set (0.00 sec)这里可以判断是否为空，NULL也可以跟NULL比较between and和not between and复制代码 代码如下:mysql> select a,a between 15 and 30,a not between 15 and 30 from t1;+------+---------------------+-------------------------+| a | a between 15 and 30 | a not between 15 and 30 |+------+---------------------+-------------------------+| 24 | 1 | 0 |+------+---------------------+-------------------------+row in set (0.00 sec)between and 和not between and可以判断数值是否在某一区间内inmysql> select a,a in(1,2,23),a in(24,12,22) from t1;+------+--------------+----------------+| a | a in(1,2,23) | a in(24,12,22) |+------+--------------+----------------+| 24 | 0 | 1 |+------+--------------+----------------+row in set (0.00 sec)判断操作数是否在某一集合内like复制代码 代码如下:mysql> select s,s like 'beijing',s like 'b%g',s like 'bei____',s like '%jing' from t2;+---------+------------------+--------------+------------------+----------------+| s | s like 'beijing' | s like 'b%g' | s like 'bei____' | s like '%jing' |+---------+------------------+--------------+------------------+----------------+| beijing | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |+---------+------------------+--------------+------------------+----------------+row in set (0.00 sec)ike可以用来匹配字符串，_代表单个字符，%代表多个字符逻辑运算符与运算复制代码 代码如下:mysql> select 2&&2,2&&null,2 and 3,2 and 2;+------+---------+---------+---------+| 2&&2 | 2&&null | 2 and 3 | 2 and 2 |+------+---------+---------+---------+| 1 | NULL | 1 | 1 |+------+---------+---------+---------+row in set (0.00 sec)这里&&和and意思一样或运算复制代码 代码如下:mysql> select 2||2,2||null,2 or 3,2 or 0;+------+---------+--------+--------+| 2||2 | 2||null | 2 or 3 | 2 or 0 |+------+---------+--------+--------+| 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |+------+---------+--------+--------+row in set (0.00 sec)这里||和or的意思一样非运算复制代码 代码如下: